To be honest, this is the steps that really made me understood the steps and procedure and the concept behind the 10_Recommended patch for solaris kernel.

So, here it is:

Check Boot Disk

This step is to check which disks are the member of the boot mirror. We can say that this is the check disk mirror / disk membership step


# df -h /
Filesystem size used avail capacity Mounted on
/dev/md/dsk/d0 33G 7.3G 25G 23% /
#
# metastat -c d0
d0 m 33GB d10 d20
d10 s 33GB c1t0d0s0
d20 s 33GB c1t1d0s0

As you can see, there are two disk that comprise the boot mirror (d0), 33GB c1t0d0s0 and c1t1d0s0, which is named d10 and d20 respectively

Check which disk is booting up

In this step, we will determine which of the disk are the one being use as the boot default boot disk.

Usually it’s the default ‘disk’ or ‘disk0′, but there are times, very rare, that ‘disk1′ is set as the default boot disk.

To know which disk is the one that boot up the system, you can use the eeprom command in the system shell:


# eeprom boot-device
boot-device=disk0


In this case, it’s the most common disk that is used as the boot disk – disk0. That means, when can detach the other disk as backup just in case the patching screw up.

Check The Bootability of the Backup Disk

Prior to patching, check if the other disk is booting. This is a precaution. Just in case the patching went sour, we know that we can always revert to a good disk, revert to the previous good booting condition of the server.

Since from the previous step, we know that the default boot disk is ‘disk0′, we will switch to ‘disk1′ and try to reboot the server and see if it will come up.

Now, there are two ways to set the value of the ‘boot-device’ paramter of the server. You can either set it at the system shell, or through the Boot PROM, depending on where you are at the moment.

Now, set the default boot disk to ‘disk1′

eeprom boot-device=disk1

or

set boot-device=disk1

After setting it up, reboot the server:

init 0 then boot

or

init 6

If you’re successfull, you just booted on the ‘other half’ of the bootdisk.

Now, don’t forget to switch back to disk0 !!!

Next, (optional… can differ from company to company)

# untar the patch file
cd /var/tmp
rm -rf PatchDir
mkdir PatchDir
mv S10KernelUpdate4.0.tar.gz PatchDir
cd PatchDir
gunzip -c S10KernelUpdate4.0.tar.gz|tar xf -

Splitting the Mirror

The next steps are the meat of the procedure. This is the patching of the kernel itself.. But of course, after checking the boot disk – whether the both disks are good- it’s time to break the mirror and patch one disk.

sync;metadeatch

detach the backup disk

metadetach d0 d20

# mount the detached root file system to root and modify these

mount /dev/dsk/c1t1d0s0 /mnt

vi /mnt/etc/vfstab
vi /mnt/etc/system

Modifying vsfstab and /etc/system of the detached disk will make sure that if the patching fail, we can alyas boot up to the backup disk.

Start Patching

# go to single user mode
sync;sync;init 0

init -s

Rebooting with command: boot -s
Boot device: /pci@8,600000/SUNW,qlc@4/fp@0,0/disk@0,0 File and args: -s
SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_141414-02 64-bit
Copyright 1983-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.

… You then follow the ReadMe document that comes with the Patch here.

Once the patching is done, you’ll see the difference of the patch level of the kernel.

Boot device: disk0 File and args:
SunOS Release 5.10 Version Generic_142900-02 64-bit
Copyright 1983-2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.

Optional
=——————–
For more installation messages refer to the installation logfile:
/var/sadm/install_data/PMGT:_TLP-Set_Solaris_10_SOE_S10KernelUpdate4.1_A1_04_27_10

Use ‘/usr/bin/showrev -p’ or ‘/usr/sbin/patchadd -p’ to verify
installed patch-ids.
Refer to individual patch README files for more patch detail.
Rebooting the system is usually necessary after installation.
svc.startd: The system is coming down. Please wait.
svc.startd: 20 system services are now being stopped.

!!! Please read the logfile for any required action before rebooting !
————–

reboot:! for the bank, it’s automatic

If all is good, you can reattach the other disk

metattach d0 d20

And you’re done.

Special shell variables
There are some variables which are set internally by the shell and which are available to the user:

Name Description
——————————————————————————–
$1 – $9 these variables are the positional parameters.

$0 the name of the command currently being executed.

$# the number of positional arguments given to this
invocation of the shell.

$? the exit status of the last command executed is
given as a decimal string. When a command
completes successfully, it returns the exit status
of 0 (zero), otherwise it returns a non-zero exit
status.

$$ the process number of this shell – useful for
including in filenames, to make them unique.

$! the process id of the last command run in
the background.

$- the current options supplied to this invocation
of the shell.

$* a string containing all the arguments to the
shell, starting at $1.

$@ same as above, except when quoted.

Branching
if then fi
if [[ $value -eq 7 ]];then
print "$value is 7"
fi
or:

if [[ $value -eq 7 ]]
then
print "$value is 7"
fior:

if [[ $value -eq 7 ]];then print "$value is 7";fi

if then else fi
if [[ $name = "John" ]];then
print "Your welcome, ${name}."
else
print "Good bye, ${name}!"
fi

if then elif then else fi
if [[ $name = "John" ]];then
print "Your welcome, ${name}."
elif [[ $name = "Hanna" ]];then
print "Hello, ${name}, who are you?"
else
print "Good bye, ${name}!"
fi

case esac
case $var in
john|fred) print $invitation;;
martin) print $declination;;
*) print "Wrong name...";;
esac

——————————————————————————–

Looping Command Syntax for Scripts

while do done
while [[ $count -gt 0 ]];do
print "\$count is $count"
(( count -= 1 ))
done
until do done
until [[ $answer = "yes" ]];do
print -n "Please enter \"yes\": "
read answer
print ""
done
for var in list do done
for foo in $(ls);do
if [[ -d $foo ]];then
print "$foo is a directory"
else
print "$foo is not a directory"
fi
done
continue…break
One can skip the rest of a loop and directly go to the next iteration with: “continue”.

while read line
do
if [[ $line = *.gz ]];then
continue
else
print $line
fi
done
One can also prematurely leave a loop with: “break”.

while read line;do
if [[ $line = *!(.c) ]];then
break
else
print $line
fi
done

http://www.well.ox.ac.uk/~johnb/comp/unix/ksh.html

Removing accounts from predefine list:

#!/bin/ksh

done

Or course, the sleep there is just for aesthetic.. I want to see the screen

If you’re familiar with data communication or networking, the SAE J1708 is categorized in the Physical layer of the Open System Interconnection model (OSI).

Common higher layer protocols that operate on top of J1708 are SAE J1587 and SAE J1922.

This post is under ‘gadget’ since I was looking for a way to interconnect my GPS device to my car a few months back.

The standard defines a 2-wire 18 gauge wire cable that can run up to 130 feet (40 m) and operates at 9600 bit/s. A message is composed of up to 21 characters, unless the engine is stopped and the vehicle is not moving in which case transmitters are allowed to exceed the 21 byte max message length. Messages start with a Message ID (MID) character and finish with a checksum at the end. Characters are transmitted in the common 8N1 format.

Summary: User instruction on how to setup public-key authentication.

In setting up the ssh public-key authentication between servers, local and remote, we have to generate the key pairs and transfer it to the remote/server.

Client Side

The publickey authentication method is enabled by the SSHtectia package by default. A functional ID’s key pair can be generated using the ‘generate_keys’ script (may be located in /export/opt/SSHtectia//util/ or depending on your installation). That script, ‘generate_keys’, is use to generate user key pairs: id_dsa_2048_a and id_dsa_2048_a.pub (default names) in the centralized key location:

/etc/opt/SSHtectia/keys/

The script also creates an ‘identification’ file in /etc/opt/SSHtectial/keys/ that contains the name of the private keys:

# more identification
# SSH Tectia private key
IdKey /etc/opt/SSHtectia/keys/%U/id_dsa_2048_a

# OpenSSH private key
IdKey /etc/opt/SSHtectia/keys/%U/id_dsa

Don’t forget to substitute the private key filename for ‘id_dsa_2048_a’ or ‘id_dsa’ if you are using a different naming convention. If several key pairs are used, list private keys on a separate lines.

Server Side

The publickey authentication method is enabled for functional IDs ONLY by the SSHtectia package (how do we know if an account is such?).

Copy the public key file (i.e. id_dsa_2048_a.pub) to the server, to the centralized key location. You can use sftp, copy paste or any other method to do this.

Also copy the ‘authorization’ file (created by the ‘generate_keys’ script) from the cliet to the server’s centralized key location.

Test the connection.. it should work.. It worked on mine.

Cannot find required executable /usr/bin/7za
pkgadd: ERROR: class action script din not complete successfully

That was the error message displaced when I tried installing two Sun packages as requested by a user, SUNWeu8os and SUNWeulof.

Packages can be found in tge Solaris 10 disk release 5/08. When i tried installing the package I got the error above.

There are two ways you can get that binary and one of them is by using the installation disk of Solaris 10 5/08.

Another one is by installing patch 137321-01 for sparc and 137322-01 for x86

*Misspelling of Friendster was intended.

Because of the immense popularity of Sysadminday’s Facbook post, we will be doing the second most popular social networking site after Facebook, that is Friendster (or was it Myspace..)

Freindster is similar to Facbook and MySpace, a website that let’s you share information about you to you friends, classmates, and other people who don’t know yet about you.

Friendster’s traffic are mostly coming from Asia or Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines to be specific.

Friendster has their headquarters are in Sydney, Australia. The service allows users to contact other members, maintain those contacts, and share online content and media with those contacts, which is the main function of a social networking website.

Freindster is also used for dating and discovering new events, bands, and hobbies. Users may share videos, photos, messages and comments with other members via their profile and their network.

From Wikipedia’s information, Friendster has over 115 million registered users and over 61 million unique visitors a month globally. The website receives approximately 19 billion page views per month, and is in the top 200 global websites based on web traffic.

Related articles by Zemanta

• 16 reviews of Friendster (rateitall.com)

It feels like everyone is very much looking forward for this neat device. Although the device is getting tons of positive buzz, there will always be some flaws on that ‘perfect product’.

Check out this spoof video, an ipad parody of the missing features of the IpAd such as a built-in camera, printing support, voice and others.

Funny.

getfacl is a file utility for viewing the access control list information associated with a file or directory.

For a memory aid, you can think of ‘getfacl’ as “Get File ACL“.. ACL being Access Control List.

Access control lists are extended attributes added to most major file systems in the 2.6 kernel to improve ability to control the access of files. They allow permissions to be set for individual groups and users and not just the owning user, owning group, and all other users.

setfacl is a command that allows you to set the Access Control List information for a file or directory.

Access control lists are extended attributes added to most major file systems in the 2.6 kernel to improve ability to control the access of files. They allow permissions to be set for individual groups and users and not just the owning user, owning group, and all other users.

You can read man pages for both getfacl and setfacl for more information.

getfacl and setfacl example….

Here’s an example of using the basic funtion of getfacl and setfacl

# getfacl

#setfacl

setfacl -m default:user::rwx,default:group::r-x,default:other:r-x,default:mask:rwx /u06/OneSource/datapump_dbdump

setfacl -m default:user:rcodapp1:r-x,default:group:r-x,default:other:—,default:mas:rwx /u06/OneSouce/datapump_dbdump

And here are the cheat sheet for ZFS/zpool that is related to this week’s project.

The whole exaple uses virtual devices.. that is chucks of files that represents disk.. of course if you have physical disk available, you may use those.

Here’s how to create “virtual devices” or vdevs as described in the zpool documentation. These can also be real disk slices if you have them available.

$ su
Password:
# cd /
# mkfile 100m disk1 disk2 disk3 disk5
# mkfile 50m disk4
# ls -l disk*
-rw------T 1 root root 104857600 Sep 11 12:15 disk1
-rw------T 1 root root 104857600 Sep 11 12:15 disk2
-rw------T 1 root root 104857600 Sep 11 12:15 disk3
-rw------T 1 root root 52428800 Sep 11 12:15 disk4
-rw------T 1 root root 104857600 Sep 11 12:15 disk5


Here’s how to create a storage pool and check the size and usage.

# zpool create myzfs /disk1 /disk2
# zpool list
NAME SIZE USED AVAIL CAP HEALTH ALTROOT
myzfs 191M 94K 191M 0% ONLINE -

When you created a disk pool, you can create a ZFS Filesystem which also in turn,

Create a second file system. Note that both file system show 159M available because no quotas are set. Each “could” grow to fill the pool.

# zfs create myzfs/colin2
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
myzfs 172K 159M 21K /myzfs
myzfs/colin 18K 159M 18K /myzfs/colin
myzfs/colin2 18K 159M 18K /myzfs/colin2

Reserve a specified amount of space for a file system ensuring that other users don’t take up all the space.

# zfs set reservation=20m myzfs/colin
# zfs list -o reservation
RESERV
none
20M
none

Set and view quotas

# zfs set quota=20m myzfs/colin2
# zfs list -o quota myzfs/colin myzfs/colin2
QUOTA
none
20M

Destroy a filesystem

# zfs destroy myzfs/colin2
# zfs list
NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT
myzfs 20.1M 139M 22K /myzfs
myzfs/colin 18K 159M 18K /myzfs/colin
myzfs/colin@test 0 – 18K -
myzfs/colin3 0 139M 18K /myzfs/colin3

That’s what I need for now.. will continue addiction ZFS cheat sheet if needed.. Pardon me, but my primary use of this blog site is for my use

Once a survey has been created, data can be inserted into the survey either by a “pretty” public screen which presents each question one at a time, or by a quick and nasty data entry screen. It includes the capacity to generate individualized “tokens”, so that invitation can be issued to participants. It also has the capacity to set conditions on whether questions will display (branching), numerous question types, and a basic statistics function. Changes: A Malay translation was added, several minor bugs were fixed, and translations were updated.